I am trying to create the smaller inner polygon along with all 7 of the top sides (shown in the sketch) raised up on top of the base polygon at exactly a 45 degree angle. I am not sure how else to describe this. I hope it makes sense.
Make a new sketch from your bodies outer line with copy or the project tool.
Then use the extrude tool in the MENU. You can set the height of the body and the angle of the walls.
After put the body back to the previous like a roof.
R,
A
Hi @mramsey Welcome to the Forum 
Is this what you want to achieve, with the join angle set to 135º:
Can it be assumed that you can create an original of a Heptagon (also called Septagon) Bodies one inside the other?
If this is not what you want please shout.
Happy S3Ding