No, it’s not possible at the moment, but this will be available as part of the history-based parametric modeling feature set we are working on right now. Make sure you sign up for the beta to be among the first to try it!
In the meantime, for simple shapes, Replace Facemight be a usable substitute – you could extrude your sketch to somewhere close to the other object and then use replace face to connect the end faces to the other object. But it’s a different animal, so depending on your base shape or what you want to do it might not be the right solution.